Introduction

You're probably familiar with the majestic horseshoe-shaped staircase at the Château de Fontainebleau, but did you know that to its left hides a veritable treasure trove of history ?

The world's oldest gym awaits you for a fascinating discovery...

Visit Jeu de Paume hall, Fontainebleau is a hidden treasure in the heart of the famous château de Fontainebleau. Built under the reign of Henri IV in 1601, this historic hall is recognized as the world's oldest sports hall. It embodies not only the spirit of period games, but also the evolution of a sport that shaped royal leisure.

The historical importance of this site extends far beyond its walls. It has witnessed games and sporting competitions that have captivated sovereigns.

The heritage of jeu de paume is rich and varied. It's not just a sport, it's an integral part of our culture. The hall continues to attract those wishing to discover the living history of jeu de paume at Fontainebleau while learning about this historic sport.

History and development of Jeu de Paume in Fontainebleau

Fontainebleau's Jeu de Paume hall has a fascinating history, rooted in France's royal heritage.

1. Built by Henri IV

Erected in 1601 under the reign of Henri IV, the hall has undergone various renovations over the centuries, testifying to the site's continuing importance. The venue was designed to host this noble sport, which is both entertaining and competitive.

2. Use by famous French sovereigns

Henri IV, the passionate king

• He was constantly "stuffed in the palm room".
• The king could be seen playing in a "torn shirt", such was his enthusiasm for the game.
• The day after his triumphal entry into Paris in 1594, he went to play paume to show himself to the public.
• His mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées often came to watch him play.

Louis XIII, the sporting heir

• He had been playing the sport since childhood
• He had a hall built near Versailles in 1630 to enable him to play more regularly.
• He continued his father's tradition, playing regularly at Fontainebleau.

Louis XIV, changing times

• In his youth, he played in the Fontainebleau auditorium
• Later, due to health problems, he could no longer play but turned the game into a court show.
• He would bring in the best master hammersmiths to give demonstrations at court during visits to Fontainebleau.

Napoleon...

• ... only played it once: Legend has it that he was so bad he never played it again!

Their presence not only enhanced the prestige of the game, but also contributed to its evolution within French royal history.

3. The origins of hand-to-hand play

The roots of the game go back to the Middle Ages, when it was played bare-handed. It wasn't until the 15th century that the introduction of rackets marked a significant turning point. This technical evolution enabled a richer and more varied game dynamic.

4. Transition to modern tennis

Over time, the game of paume evolved into the rules and formats we know today in modern tennis. This transformation took place gradually, but was influenced by the sport's growing popularity throughout Europe.

5. Role of the Cercle du Jeu de Paume

The Cercle plays an essential role in preserving and promoting the game. Organizing regular events and initiations, it keeps this age-old tradition alive.

6. National and international competitions

The First World Championship

• In 1740, the Fontainebleau hall hosted a historic event: the very first World Championship in the history of the sport
• France's Clergé de Elder becomes first official world champion

Modern competitions

• More recently, the hall has hosted: Women's world championships
• Regular international competitions thanks to recent renovations
• Twinning matches with Hampton Court Castle in England

As you can see, Fontainebleau's Salle de Jeu de Paume, although built in 1601 and considered to be the oldest sports hall in the world, is still in operation today and continues to host major competitions more than four centuries after its construction!

Introduction to and practice of jeu de paume at Fontainebleau

Learning to play jeu de paume in Fontainebleau is a rewarding and accessible experience. Here's some practical information to get you started:

• Course booking To take part in introductory courses in Jeu de Paume, simply contact the Cercle du Jeu de Paume. You can reserve your place by calling 01 64 22 47 67. Sessions are suitable for beginners.
• Master hatter Each course is led by an experienced peacock master, who will guide you through the fundamental techniques of the sport while sharing the fascinating history of the site.

Advantages of learning this historic sport

• Physical activity Tennis: Palm play is a great way to stay active and have fun at the same time. It helps build stamina, coordination and concentration.
• Cultural immersion When you learn this sport, you immerse yourself in a centuries-old French tradition. This creates a unique link with local history and culture.
• Competitions You'll also have the opportunity to take part in competitions organized throughout the year, adding an exciting dimension to your learning.

Taking up jeu de paume at Fontainebleau isn't just a sporting choice, it's an immersion in a living heritage.

An egalitarian mixed sport: the case of jeu de paume

Jeu de paume has a distinctive character mixed and its early openness to female participation. Since the 15th century, this royal sport has welcomed players such as Margot d'Hainaut, who left her mark on history.

The Salle de Jeu de Paume in Fontainebleau is a powerful symbol. The tournaments held there, organized by the Cercle Jeu de Paume, not only perpetuate tradition but also reinforce the idea that this sport can bring together all enthusiasts, regardless of gender or social status. This iconic venue doesn't just celebrate the past; it also encourages an inclusive and dynamic future for all players!

The sporting and cultural heritage of jeu de paume in France

Jeu de paume, a true symbol of French sporting heritage, occupies a unique place in the history of leisure activities. This ancestral sport, which evolved into modern tennis, has been rooted in French culture for centuries.

Passing on these values and skills will ensure the continued existence of Jeu de Paume as a pillar of France's sporting heritage. What's more, it fosters intergenerational links, uniting enthusiasts and neophytes around the same passion.

What to do at the Château de Fontainebleau

There's much more to the Château de Fontainebleau than its iconic Salle de Jeu de Paume. Here are a few activities to discover during your visit:

• Visit the royal apartments A trip back in time: immerse yourself in history as you explore the sumptuous apartments that once housed the kings and queens of France.
• Walk in the park Enjoy a stroll in the vast park, ideal for admiring nature and the formal gardens.
• Temporary exhibitions exhibitions: find out about current exhibitions highlighting the art and history of the site.
• Walking around the castle A number of marked trails await you for total immersion in the surrounding forest.

For an original and unusual experience, consider :

• A royal picnic Bring a meal and enjoy a convivial moment in one of the park's green spaces.
• Introduction to jeu de paume workshop Discover this historic sport and its unique atmosphere.
• Visit the castle by night Some evenings feature guided tours under the stars, offering a fascinating perspective on the monument.

Whether you're a history buff or just curious, the Château de Fontainebleau is packed with exciting activities to suit all tastes.

Conclusion

The Salle de Jeu de Paume in Fontainebleau is a treasure to be discovered. This historical sport is not only a physical activity, but also a symbol of the cultural heritage rich. A visit to this emblematic venue immerses you in the fascinating history of the jeu de paume, while enjoying a unique atmosphere.

Don't hesitate to book your session and become part of this living tradition. Whether you're a novice or an enthusiast, the experience in the heart of Fontainebleau awaits you!

For those wishing to explore more of the city and its historical treasures while enjoying comfortable accommodation, it is possible to book a modern studio in the heart of Fontainebleau.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Salle de Jeu de Paume de Fontainebleau?

The Salle de Jeu de Paume de Fontainebleau is the oldest sports hall in the world, built by Henri IV in 1601. It is an important historical venue for jeu de paume, an ancestral sport that has evolved into modern tennis.

What historical events are linked to the Salle de Jeu de Paume?

The hall has been used by several famous French sovereigns, including Henri IV, Napoleon and Louis XIV. It has also played a central role in the history of jeu de paume, with national and international competitions organized over the centuries.

How can I take part in an introductory course in table tennis?

To take part in an introductory course to jeu de paume in Fontainebleau, we recommend you make a reservation (01 64 22 47 67). These courses offer an excellent opportunity to learn this historic sport while having fun.

Is jeu de paume a mixed sport?

Yes, jeu de paume has been a mixed sport since the 15th century, with early recognition of women in this field. This testifies to a significant cultural and social impact on the sport.

What is the cultural impact of jeu de paume in France?

Jeu de paume is of major cultural importance in France, representing a rich sporting heritage. The traditions of the game live on today thanks to living testimonies and initiatives aimed at preserving this heritage.

What other activities are available at the Château de Fontainebleau?

In addition to the Jeu de Paume, the Château de Fontainebleau offers a variety of activities including guided tours, art exhibitions and cultural events. There are also suggestions for exploring the château in an original and unusual way.